Rectal cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the rectum, and it is one of the most common...

Thyroid cancer is one of the most common cancers of the endocrine system, with increasing...

Lung cancer in non-smokers accounts for roughly 25 percent of all lung cancer cases globally and...

The HPV vaccine prevents infection with the high-risk HPV strains responsible for approximately 70...

Multivisceral resection (MVR) is a complex, en bloc surgical procedure that removes a primary...

A surgical margin is the rim of normal, healthy tissue surrounding a removed tumor, analyzed by a...

Breasts are made up of glandular tissue, fibrous connective tissue and fat. When glandular and...

Ovarian cancer is called silent because it produces no specific early symptoms. Bloating, pelvic...

Most adrenal tumours are benign adenomas that never become cancerous. Malignant transformation...

Kidney cancer under 4cm and selected tumours up to 7cm can be treated with partial nephrectomy,...

In Indians, the first symptoms of liver cancer are upper right abdominal discomfort, unexplained...

Stomach cancer is one of the most commonly missed cancers in India because its early symptoms are...

Lumpectomy in Bangalore costs INR 75,000 to 2,00,000 at private specialist centres. Mastectomy...

Pancreatic cancer is one of the hardest cancers to detect early because the pancreas sits deep in...

Advanced breast cancer surgery in India costs INR 6 to 14 lakhs for Stage 3 disease covering...

Breast cancer surgery in South India is best handled by a surgical oncologist with specialist...

Most comprehensive health insurance policies in India cover cancer surgery including...

Consultation fees for a surgical oncologist in Bangalore run between INR 500 and INR 1,500 at most...

Robotic cancer surgery in India costs between INR 1,50,000 and 8,00,000 depending on cancer type,...

HIPEC in Bangalore runs INR 4,10,000 to 6,25,000 for standard cases at private specialist centres....

For breast cancer surgery in Bangalore, the right surgical oncologist has specialist oncology...

Lumpectomy in Bangalore. INR 75,000 to 2,00,000. Mastectomy runs INR 1,00,000 to 3,50,000. Throw...

Stage 1 breast cancer is localised, small and highly treatable. Surgery alone is sufficient for...

A second opinion before cancer surgery isn't about doubting the first doctor. It's about...

Post-mastectomy radiation therapy is not given to every patient after mastectomy. It's recommended...

Breast cancer at 25 and at 50 are often different diseases biologically. Younger women present...

A positive surgical margin means cancer cells were found at or very close to the cut edge of the...

At high-volume surgical oncology centres in India, breast cancer outcomes including clear margin...

In early stage breast cancer, Stage 1 and Stage 2, surgery is the first treatment. The tumour is...

Unilateral mastectomy removes the breast with cancer. Bilateral removes both, the diseased breast...

Hormone receptor positive breast cancer is driven by active oestrogen or progesterone receptors on...

Average-risk Indian women start annual mammography at 40. Women with a first-degree relative...

Stress alone does not cause cancer. No published human study has confirmed a direct causal link...

Standard lumpectomy excises the tumour and a surrounding margin of normal tissue without any...

Every cell in the body uses glucose for energy including cancer cells, brain cells, muscle cells,...

Refusing chemo when your oncologist recommended it after surgery means microscopic cancer cells...

Breast reconstruction after mastectomy uses either implant-based reconstruction with silicone or...

Small operable tumours go straight to surgery. Large, locally advanced or biologically aggressive...

Two different specialists with two completely different roles. A surgical oncologist operates to...

Stage determines what surgery is possible, when it happens and what comes before and after it....

Two diagnoses. Both aggressive. Completely different treatment approaches. HER2 positive breast...

Surgery and radiation aren't alternatives competing against each other in breast cancer. For most...

There is no single answer because breast cancer surgery covers several different procedures. A...

Removing the breast is the most visible change but not the only one. The chest wall, nerves,...

Palliative surgery is performed not to cure cancer but to relieve the symptoms it causes. When a...

Cancer treatment is too complex for one clinician to plan alone. Multidisciplinary cancer care...

A second opinion in cancer means having another specialist review the diagnosis, pathology and...

Partial mastectomy removes the tumour and a portion of surrounding breast tissue while leaving the...

Full recovery from mastectomy surgery typically takes 3 to 6 weeks, with most patients returning...

Breast conserving surgery removes the cancer and a margin of surrounding healthy tissue while...

Axillary lymph node dissection removes a group of lymph nodes from under the arm to check how far...

Breast cancer can return after surgery even when the original treatment went well. Recurrence...

Oncoplastic breast surgery combines cancer removal with immediate breast reshaping in one...

Men do have breast tissue and breast cancer develops in it more often than most people realise....

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is chemotherapy given before surgery rather than after. The idea is to...

Most people associate breast cancer with a lump and stop looking there. The reality is that early...

Breast cancer in men is rare but real. Men have breast tissue and that tissue can develop...

Inflammatory breast cancer is one of the rarest but most aggressive forms of breast cancer. It...

Breast reconstruction rebuilds the shape of the breast after a mastectomy removes it. It doesn't...

Before treating breast cancer properly, the surgical team needs to know whether it has spread to...